Sri Guru Gita- A Conversation between Siva and Parvati on Guru Tatva -8

Veda-saastra-puraanaani Itihaasaadikaani Cha
Mantra-yantraadi-vidyaascha Mohanocchaatanaadikam
Saiva-saakta-agamaadiini Hyanye Cha Bahavo Mataah
Apabhramshaah Samastaanaam Jeevanaam Bhraanta-chetasaam

Siva said to Parvati:

"Vedas, Sastras (sciences), Puranas (ancient narratives), Itihasas (the epics), Mantra (magical chants) Yantras(amulets), Spells, Exorcism, cults like Saiva, Sakteya, etc. and many other paths together are all digressions of deluded souls".

Explanation:
In the beginning we were with God alone. We lived bathing in his love and bliss. He gifted us with everything beautiful. Then one day our mind began to wander. We went very far from God to forbidden lands and were caught by cruel spirits lurking in the darkness. We live in fear without freedom unable to escape from the trap. Remembering God, His love and care, now let us begin our struggle for freedom with all our might.

Today there are more than 4000 religions and thousands of other spiritual practices that are not exactly under the nomenclature of religion. All of them assert that their chosen path is the best one. Even God is likely to get stunned over the cleverness of human beings!

The Truth resides in the eternal silence of the soul that is in constant communion with God. However, the prattles of our intellect, the frenzy of our mind and the clamor of our actions unseat this inner calm. From a mind of disquiet arises the demons of delusion. And from delusion, blind faith and bigotry devoid of dharma or the tenderness of love manifest in myriad forms leading to hatred and violence. Religious terrorism we witness today is only one extreme form of this inner digression and bigotry.

Today every sect and creed competes with each other to hoist the god or prophet of their conception as the last word in spirituality. In this frenzy of faiths, it is easy for a true seeker to get deluded and miss the right direction. Thus, instead of worshipping the true God of this universe we land up propitiating the wrong ones. Here, Lord Siva is pointing out this situation to Parvati.

This unholy situation arose consequent to an error in Sanatana Dharma, the Eternal Spiritual Order, according to Navajyoti Sri Karunakara Guru. The Guru describes this error as follows, which is a very important revelation:

“What we are going through is the time-order of Manvantaras. That is our perspective or cognition of the world. In the Manu-tradition a great spiritual evolute fell from grace (in the third chaturyuga of the present seventh Manvantara). As a result, the Brahman initiated a corrective in the seventh chaturyuga (by evolving the Trimurty system) which was brought to a completion in the eleventh chaturyuga. Thereafter astral matters related to mukti were revealed which got codified as Vedas, Sastras and the Upanishads, without changing the old Manvantara order (to reaffirm that order). Since the sages could not transcend those who received these astral matters did not enquire into the reason why they had received such knowledge they used their intellect in understanding the path shown by the Almighty and charted their version of the Manvantara time-order - chaturyugas, manvantaras and kalpas as subservient to Brahma. Thus they could not invoke Manu, the First Guru and grasp the Error and correct it. This is a peril that has befallen us. The Error was repeated again and again as the evolutes who were the spiritual authorities of revealed knowledge could not discover the mystery and unravel it in full before us.

“The feeling of ‘I’ (Aham Brahmasmi) developed in the lineage of Manus. In the higher planes of knowing it was seen that all the wisdom and knowledge attained so far have come through it (the Manu tradition). This ‘I-ness’ can be seen in any of the books of Vedanta. You talk to any common person - this bloated notion of a free ‘I’ (ego) can be seen. When this comes up in the circle of ascetics (brahmacharis), then such notions come forth through the master-disciple lineage. In the tradition of deity-worship (deva parampara), the ‘deva’ (god) I am devoted to or the ‘devi’ (goddess) I am devoted to is the greatest and most glorious (is observed). Because of such possessiveness in individuals, all kinds of deities, chamundi, yakshi, pey, maruta, matan, mantramurthi (dark, evil spirits such as succubi, ghosts, ghouls etc.) became the ‘Lords’. This has happened because of people’s selfishness and egoism.

“Due to the emergence of Varnasrama, castes and castes upon castes, those who worshiped according to the Trimurti tradition could not function in accordance with the goodness of the Age. Earlier to this tales were created using the medium of Srutis and Smritis and they were presented as authentic. Before that, as there appeared the creed of ‘materializations’ some sanyasis themselves handled the traditions of siddhi. As it all came up to this, the tradition of Manu faded away even from memory. This degradation of the times is due to the refusal to modify the customs that required a change according to the age and the falsification of the ideology that the abode of Brahman should all the time be with the celestials (devas) and Brahmins. (Navajyoti Sri Karunakara Guru, A Dialogue on Human Prospects, Santhigiri Publications).

This is the greatest revelation of God in the annals of human history. Let those who have ears hear it. Let those who are seekers hasten to this truth and the spring of God’s grace. Glory to the Guru, the most benevolent ever.

Sri Guru Gita- A Conversation between Siva and Parvati on Guru Tatva - 3

Rishaya Uvacha:
Guhyaat Guhyatamam Saaram Gurugiita Visheshatah
Twat Prasaadaaccha Shrotavyaa Tat Sarvam Bhruuhi Suuta Naha

(The Rishis said: O Suuta! Guru Gita is very unique, and its contents holding greatest hidden meaning. Therefore, may it please you to render all of that, which would be suitable for our ears).

Here, Guru Gita has been described as a text that contains the greatest spiritual secrets to be known by seekers since it dwells upon Guru Tatva in depth. Maharshi Suuta was a disciple of Vyasa and the son of sage Loma. He was approached by a group of rishis who were eager to know about the mystery of Guru. Suuta, then, through his visionary faculty narrates to the eager rishis the conversation that took place between Siva and Parvati on the mystery of GURU.

One of the qualities of a seeker is the eagerness for spiritual knowledge. Where there is no desire for knowledge, it would be futile to discourse on spiritual knowledge. There was a time (in 1970s) when thousands of young people especially from the West along with some Indians crowded the ghats and gallies of Varanasi, Rishikesh and other holy places seeking transcendental wisdom. I don’t know where all they have disappeared. It was not an unrelated occurrence without any sufficient cause. That was the time when God’s Light descended on India. Then, in the far south, a unique spiritual event was taking place - revelations from the Light of God through a less known Soul who lived secluded in a thatched hut away from all publicity - Navajyoti Sri Karunakara Guru. First of all, it is difficult to have ‘mumukshutvam’ the desire for salvation. Even if one has ‘mumukshutvam’, only through the virtues of many lives it is possible to reach at the feet of the appointed One. So the spiritual wave of 1970s dissipated.

Presently, we are concentrated only on the fulfilment of desires. So, there is the increase of rituals. ‘Pongala Hinduism’ is more popular than salvation. Once the disciples of Buddha asked the Noble One that why he was not able to give salvation to the people who are suffering from worldly sorrows through his Noble Dharma! Upon this Buddha asked his disciples to go and bring any person desiring enlightenment. The disciples went down to the village. Door to door they went. Some were suffering from poverty and they wanted money, some others wanted a progeny or a bridegroom for their daughters or the healing of a disease, and so on. The disciples returned to Buddha unable to find a single soul desiring salvation.

Most of us are unable to look beyond and search for durable peace. We are enslaved by our physical wants, mental desires and intellectual thirsts. We are trapped in our vicious karma and vasanas, so unable to step into that world of tranquility, purity and eternal bliss for which the soul thirsts. But the rishis are noble souls who ever want to dwell in the world of transcendental wisdom. Their minds constantly debate on the question of life here and hereafter, on the question of God and Self or how to wriggle out of this horrible karmic pool. The Guru concept is an inseparable part of this enquiry, hence their eagerness to hear about it from a great soul - Maharshi Suuta.

Sri Guru Gita - A Discourse between Siva and Parvati- 2

Achintyaavyakta Ruupaaya, Nirgunaaya Gunaatmane
Samasta-Jagadaadhaara, Muurthaye Brahmane Namah

(Salutations to Brahman, the Supreme Being, who is incomprehensible and of indefinite form, who is with and without attributes and the support of the whole universe!)

Sant Kabir once said that if God and Guru were to appear before him, he would first bow at the feet of the Guru for it was Guru who made him experience God! Although Nirguna Brahman (God without attributes) is the changeless Reality, it can be experienced only through the binary of Jeevatma and Paramatma. Paramatma here is Saguna Brahman, God with attributes. Jeevatma or individual soul comes into existence from the projection or sankalpa of Paramatma. Jeevatma has no independent or permanent existence of its own as it is bound to Paramatma like the wave is to the ocean, like the smell is to a flower or like the child is to its father. In short the universe comprising of all animate and inanimate beings is the projection of Paramatma, the Comic Soul.

Paramatama or Saguna Brahman is with attributes, i.e. with name, a definite form along with qualities and the power to imagine and act (Sankalpa Shakti and Kriya Shakti). Different sects in Hinduism address him Siva, Vishnu, Goddess, Surya, Ganapati, Krishna and so on according to their vision and experience, although they too accept Nirguna Brahman as the ultimate truth. Buddhists and Jains advise the followers to concentrate only on deeds or karma, rather than debating about a God that is beyond human intelligence. However, they believe in the concept of Mahatmas or Arahats whom mankind has to follow for attaining Nirvana or enlightenment.

In Christianity, Paramatma is called the Father in Heaven. In Islam, they say Allah, which is supposed to be Nirguna Brahman, God without attributes. Islam does not accept the concept of Saguna Brahman. They suppose that Nirguna Brahman has all the power to create, judge and punish. However, this idea is not acceptable because the God which creates, judges and punishes, that God requires a mind to imagine and intelligence to order the universal function. He should also have a physical form. In the scriptures it is said that God, desiring to create the world, first projected himself in the form of a man (Purusha). This Purusha was split into two, a man and woman by his own will for the purpose of procreation. We can assume that Purusha, the first projection of formless God (Nirguna Brahman) is Manu, the Adi Guru or the primordial ancestor of human universe. It is said that the solar system was born out of the sankalpam of Manu. That is why the age of our solar system is calculated in terms of the time cycle of Manu or Manvantara.

God without form, name and qualities is an unknowable abstract concept. God is said to be pure light, consciousness and bliss. (Sat Chit Ananda). In that state of God, there is no mind, no intelligence, no imagination or karma of any type including creation. It is said to be a state of pure bliss untouched by gunas or qualities. That is why the rishis called this state of God as Nirguna Brahman, which can think and act only when it transforms itself into an embodiment with Jnana Shakti, Kriya Shakti and Sankalpa Shakti (the power of knowledge, volition and action).

Realized Gurus are the mind-born embodiments of the Purusha in human form. A few great souls crossing many spiritual skies or lokas attain the abode of Paramatma through tapasya or austerities spanning many births. Such souls are sent by God for man’s spiritual guidance. That is the reason, Guru is realized and worshipped as Paramatma or Brahman itself. Guru Gita tries to project this truth throughout its discourse. This mantra is both the invocation and definition of God. It tries to define God in beautiful terms as the Unknowable and Indefinable Support of the Universe, the Eternal Truth, with and without Attributes.

Why Hinduism Has to Evolve?

We have only one religion – the Religion of Liberation’, said Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru (1927-1999), the founder of Santhigiri Guru Parampara about the path of Dharma he founded. Guru Dharma deals with principles related to the spiritual scheme of time cycles (Yuga Dharma), wisdom transmission (Guru Dharma) and the laws concerning soul’s transmigratory journey for the fulfilling experience of non-dual consciousness. Guru revealed the way for experiencing the pure vision of non-dual Truth living in the duality of phenomenal existence.

We might take time cycles i.e. Yugas, Manvantaras, and Kalpa as some obscure concepts from an unknown past. Just like time in the form of day and night as well as year and season is bound to human destiny, Yugas and Manvantaras are the measurements of infinite time, related to the origin and evolution of life and consciousness in the solar system. The solar system has come into being with such matchless perfection by the Will of Brahman, the Transcendental Light (Brahma Prakasham).

How can the Absolute Nondual Truth create a world of plurality is a question that continues to perplex man.  Existence cannot come into being from non-existence, declare the Upanishads (Chandogya Upanishad, VI.II.1). Although the Divine Light is non-dual primordial consciousness and also the basis for phenomenal existence, it creates the world of plurality with names, forms, qualities and different potencies by launching itself through a primordial kinetic urge (Adi Sankalpam).

Adi Sankalpam means the first thought or the Word of God as reflected in the Upanishads as ‘May I Be Many’, ‘May I Create the World’. (Chandogya Upanishad, VI.II.3, Aitareya Upanishad, I, Taitiriya Upanishad, II.vi.i). This primordial urge, the spontaneous self-expression of the nondual Truth creates the boundaries of time and space as well as the whole phenomena of existence, the cosmic plan.  

Some religions are against anthropomorphizing God, as they argue that the Absolute Truth is arupi, i.e. formless. Advaita Vedanta even deny that the creation is only a mirage, an illusion.  However, the argument is only partially true.

Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru said:

‘Although God is arupi (formless), there is swarupam (form). When we say the love of God, we should imagine a ‘swarupam’ (an embodiment) for God in mind, because God indeed is a ‘swarupam’. Saying that God is omnipresent and interpret in some other way, we would never be able to understand God’.

The pure absolute consciousness has to first transform itself into an entity for the purpose of creation, the scriptures reveal. The Brihadaranya Upanishad mentions: ‘In the beginning, this was but the Self in a form similar to that of a Man’. (Rig Veda, 10.90.2, Yajurveda 31:18, Aiteraya Upanishad, 1:1:3).

This progenitor is known as Manu in Indian cosmology. He is the first born of God, the Purusha or the Hiranyagarbha of the Vedas and Upanishads and the Logos in western theology. The Indian rishis calculated the age of the universe in terms of Manvantara after the name of Manu, the archetypal Guru, the primordial Purusha, through whose volition (sankalpa) every solar system comes into existence. Man has lost the awareness about this archetypal heavenly father. Therefore, Indian rishis calculated the age of the universe in terms of Manvantara, the age of a Manu.

Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru said:

‘Manu Parampara (lineage) is to provide God’s dharma to the world. It is a long time now since we have reached to this helpless state of not knowing about Manvantara, Chaturyuga, how many chaturyugas constitute a Manvantara…’

Nine heavenly bodies revolve around the sun creating the conditions for the origin, sustenance, and evolution of human life. The Rishis revealed that a Manvantara has seventy-one age-quartets or Chaturyugas (306,720,000 human years) consisting of Satya, Treta, Dwapara, and Kali, which cyclically evolve to a pre-determined goal of perfection. Then another solar system begins with the next Manu. Fourteen such archetypal Manus appear in an episode of creation called Kalpa.

‘When we talk about the origin of the universe, the yuga-cycles and dissolutions happen with such a long age. Manvantara comes at the transition to another yuga-cycle after dissolution’ (Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru).

This process of creation goes on infinitely, without a beginning and end, which explains the theory of an expanding universe with its billions of galaxies and the possible existence of countless solar systems. Therefore, the Indian name for God is Brahman, which means that which expands.

‘There is a measure of Brahma Prakasham (Divine Light) for the movement of the solar system’ said Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru. The universe moves on the wheel of time, therefore, the human race cannot move forward without the proper awareness of time. Time is the synonym for change. Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru said about it as avastha bhedam (change of nature or stage).

‘Evolving through each age, developing through centuries, we are crossing stages. When we say ‘avastha bhedam’, the stage from a base entity to a Deva is a unique stage (avastha) of ours’ (Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru).

When Darvin’s theory of evolution is taken further to ethereal planes (mandalas), the soul of man further evolves into the status of greater luminous bodies of a deva, Rishi, sanyasi and other higher levels of manifestation. The soul goes through ten spiritual stages of transformation, according to the Guru. The worlds mentioned in the Bhagavata Purana and other texts relate to these stages of soul evolution.

After the age of Kali, the Chaturyuga cycle again begins with Satya, Treta, Dwapara, and Kali. Satya Yuga is the age of perfection, when God realization is direct, according to the Rishis. While the perfected souls in Satya Yuga adorn the heavens as radiant entities and merge with Brahman (the absolute nondual state) at the end of a Kalpa, souls in the various states of evolution such as an animal, human, deva or a rishi also have to go through the long process of evolution through the cycle of ages. The soul might go down in the process of evolution when righteous dharma and karma are violated.

The present age is the Kali Yuga of 28th Chaturyuga, with 43 Chaturyugas to go, to complete this Manu cycle. Kali Yuga is a period of spiritual perfection. The spiritual order of Kali yuga requires that man attains necessary soul luminance to qualify for the all perfect Satya Yuga, rectifying the mistakes that might have happened in the karma and dharma of previous yuga cycles dwapara and treta.  Sanatana Dharma is related to this eternal spiritual order.

However, the mediums of revelation, as well as the modes of application, change from time to time because of socio-environmental changes and human errors that trigger periodical civilizational changes. This change is continuous. Spiritual guides appear for various durations such as 1000, 2000, 3500 or 5000 in a yuga cycle.

‘When the Treta Yuga is completely traversed in the order of Yuga Dharma, an ideology cannot remain more than 5000 or 10000 years. With the passage of time, many failings come in those ideologies’ (Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru).

In view of the above, Yuga Dharma embodies the concept of age-specific renewal of the Dharmic order.

Karunakara Guru said: ‘Yuga Dharma is not only for any particular caste, religion or person. Yuga Dharma is for the whole world… we should know what is Yuga Dharma. There is no use taking up all the four without following what is to be followed in each Yuga. But, we have a tradition that has taken up all the four’.

The ways of worship and social laws of bygone ages (Treta and Dwapara) are practiced in Kali Yuga against the age-specific spiritual order of Sanatana Dharma. The regime of Mahatmas and their spiritual guidance pertaining to Kali Yuga according to the concept of yuga dharma are ignored. Sri Ram, the guru of Treta and Sri Krishna, the guru of Dwapara, whose spiritual incumbency belonged to their respective ages, as well as the rituals and the sacred chants of those yugas are followed in the Kali Yuga. The rights and wrongs of the past yugas are repeated arresting the age-related spiritual evolvement.

While the Vedic tradition portrayed Kali Yuga as an age of ruin, Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru said that Kali is the best age after Satya Yuga since it is an age of spiritual evolvement. The revelations of Navajyoti Sri Karunakara Guru regarding the Dharmic order of Kali Yuga deserve serious attention:

*. We should make changes according to the time. Time will not step aside for us. Since this is the age of Kali, what is required is the propagation of Dharma suitable to Kali Yuga.

*. If the time of Deva in the Treta and Dwapara had been fulfilled through mantra and tantra, it has to be fulfilled through austerities and knowledge (tapas and jnana) in the age of Kali.

* Most jnanis have not been able to understand what the Dharmic order of Kali Yuga is.

* In order to implement Kali Yuga Dharma, a correction and a new path is required. The new path is to develop a good character among the people.

The effort for the transition to Kali Yuga Dharma had begun from Sri Krishna. After Sri Krishna, the Upanishad Rishis, Sri Buddha, Mahavir and other Mahatmas tried to rejuvenate the jnana tradition of India. However, their efforts remain unfulfilled because of spiritual distortions.

Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru referred to it as ‘the error that denied Guru Dharma in the name of Vedic dharma’. Guru said that there would be a change only when we accept the path opened by the Mahatmas:

‘What is required first is the removal of ignorance. That only will lead to victory. What is required for that? We should understand the vision of Mahatmas; should think about it and then try to actualize it. Thus, if we strive step by step, we can reach the desired shore…. Our destined karma is to knock at the door and find out the self-sacrifice of every great soul, that they did for our sake…Mahatmas are the means to love truth and to know the karma with discrimination.’

But the Mahatmas did not get the desired status in India. The Rishi tradition gave way to the Vedic tradition which tried to cement the Trimurti tradition, the worship of trinity gods (Siva, Vishnu and Goddess) and their large family of gods, divinities and gurus under it. The Hindus of India are thus divided into many sects and caste groups leading to their spiritual disunity.  Therefore, the efforts to unite Hindus have always failed.

 Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru said:

‘An effort has taken place to unite us through Vaishnava, Shaiva and Sakteya traditions. But people would not be united in that way because these three had come in three different ways. What is required for unifying is some awareness.’

The mistake prevailing in the world now is that the dharma of the fourth epoch (Kali Yuga) has not been implemented here. Navajyotisri Karunakara Guru said that the worship of One Almighty God has to be perfected in Kali Yuga. The doctrine of One Absolute God was put forward by India first. However, for the last few millenniums, Vedic tradition functioned without giving respect to the jnana tradition; therefore, Yuga dharma could not be established here.

The idea of One God worship was propagated by prophets such as Moses, Jesus, and Mohammad in West Asia, which has spread throughout the world. But in the prophetic religions, there is no clear concept about cosmic time order – about the Yugas and Manvantaras. They also do not accept the theory of spiritual evolution, reincarnation, etc.

Nature has an inherent character to evolve the soul to its Absolute status through a series of evolutionary incarnations. There exists, also a divine intervention that creates or directs this rhythmic evolution. The uniqueness of Indian spirituality is this idea of a divine intervention, in the form of a spiritual embodiment that exists as the ‘witnessing authority of all actions and knowledge (Karma-Dharma-Saakshi, i.e. Guru Incarnation). Indian spirituality considers the relationship between an enlightened Guru - who is the embodiment of absolute realization- and the souls who are struggling to attain freedom from the chains of imperfection as the fundamental dharma for the evolvement and fulfilment of all living beings. 

The path of Navajyoti Sri Karunakara Guru is the hope for the whole human race to unite spiritually. It is an opportunity for Hinduism and India to evolve with universal acceptance.

Mukundan P.R.